Heat exchange device



Aug; 21, .1945.

HEATl EXCHANGE DEVICE 8 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov. 30, 1938 o ooo nwEN'roRs:

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Aug. 21, 1945. c. B. DALzELL ETAL HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE 'Filed Nov. 30,' 193s 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEY.

8 Sheets-Sheet. 4

C. B. DALZELL ETAL HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE Filed NOV. 30, 1938 Aug. 21, 1945.

c. B. lDALzl-:LL ET A1,'V HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE Aug. 21,A 1945.

Y ,Fi1edNov.. 3Q, 41938 s sheets-sheet 5 ATTORNEY. I

Aug. 2i, 1945. c. BQ DALZELL ET AL HEAT `Excmumn DEVICE a sheets-smet 7 w @V @w@ @ww ATTORNEY.

Aug. 2.1,-1945.

c. B, DALZELL ET Al.

HEAT EXCHANGE DEVICE` 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTORS:

ATTORNEY.

trickletype` i of film ,1939, `and entitled Patented Aug. 21, 1945 n `Chart-,s Brown `Dalzell and Ellsworth Wyman,

Little Falls, N. Y., assgnors to Cherry-Burrell Corporation, Wilmington,

Del., a corporation Application November 30, 1938, Serial No. 243,130

4 claims. (c1.

The present invention relates to heat exchange devicesfor cooling 'or heating liquids, and more particularly to the enclosed sanitary `top-feed or coolers, such as maybe used in `treating milk, which areof simple compact construction, which comprise a plurality of heat exchange sections positionable in close side by side relation inside a closure when in their opera` tiveposition and pivoted to swing apart to facilitate cleaning-when the` closure is opened, which sections are provided with internal passages in which to circulatea cooling or heating medium in heat exchange relation to the liquid ilowing over the exterior surface of the sections; and which sections, when in their close side by side position, operate simultaneously on a plurality of streams of liquid thereby forming a compact highlyefficient cooler; and to the construction `of aclosure and method of fabricating a heat exchange section and the regulation of the movement of refrigerant through the heat exchange sections. l

, exchange sections are pivoted to swing about vertical axes to and from operative position in which they stand closetogether side by side to positions in which they are freely accessible for cleaning; in which the` sections are provided with spacing and bracing elements which maintain the sections in alignment while in their operative position but which elements are substantially devoid of heat exchange relation with the cooling mediumor refrigerant passing through the sections;` `in which the individual sections are provided with a novel liquid nlm distributing means along their upper edge, which distributing means also constitutes a bracing element for the individual heat exchange section; in `which the heat exchange medium is supplied to the heat` exchange sections ,through freely pivoting hollow hinges or swivel joints constructed to prevent leakage of refrigerant onto the sections and aligned with` the "-'Ihe process or lmethodof making the heat exl change sections as disclosed inI this application is-'fully `described and laimed in our divisional application ,Serial No.` 250,670, filed January 13,

Heat exchange element.

The heat exchange section as disclosed in this application `is described and claimed in our divisional application Serial No; 442,750, filed May 13, 1942, andentitled Heat exchange element.

The refrigeration system as disclosed in this application is describedand claimed in our divisional application Serial No. 444,675, filed May` 27, 1942, and entitled Heat exchange device.

`Inv heat `excllangers of thesanitarytype, such as are used-in the processing of milk, it is essential that all parts thereof which contact the milk be easily accessible for frequent cleaning. It is.

also essential `that the mechanism be so constructed that anyleakage of cooling medium or referigerantwill be prevented fromentering the milk being processed. Itis also desirable to have all of the functioning elements, `particularly the heat exchange sections, enclosed when intheir` operativevposition and to this end, in addition to various other features, the present invention embodies a closure which is so constructed that it mustrst beclosed before the mechanism'can be operated. The ,accompanying drawings illustrate the invention in a heat exchanger of the type referred to.

The 'objects of thisinvention are to provide a sanitary, efficient, compactV heat exchanger of novel construction in which a plurality of "heat individual distributing element carried at pivots supporting Athe cantilever or eccentrically mounted sections, which hinges establish liquid communicating passages between the interior of the heat exchange sections and the heat exchange medium supply and discharge manifolds.`

Another object of this invention is to provide a milk supply holder which, together with the the top edge of each heat exchange section, as well as the distributing baffle within thel milk supply holder or chamber, will assure the proper distribution and application of the milk to each individual section.

A further object is to pivot or swingably support the eccentricallymounted, unitary heat exchange sections having one or more independent heat exchange medium passages, and to construct and arrange the pivots `and hollow hinges in a manner Whichwill prevent the application of the eccentrically mounted weight of, -the heat exchange sections to the packing glands of the hollow hinges constituting the refrigerant medium i supply connections individually `connecting the independent passages to separate supply headers 'permitting individual control and operation; and

which will enable the removal of any sections from its` connecting hollow hinges and pivots without disturbing the arrangement of the adjustment of the pivot elements or the packing glands in `the swiveled joints of the hollow hinges whereby the desired adjustment of the pivot elements and the packing glands in the .swiveled liquid connections is readily maintained.`

A further object of the present invention is to provide a novel closure" and collecting basin in which the collecting basinconstitutes an inte- 2 if k2,383,292

Further objects of this invention are to pro.-Y

vide an embossed sheet metal heat absorbing section of cheap construction, together with La simple method of constructing the same,` in

which the embossed sheets are arranged face to face and sealed along predetermined lines thus providing sealed liquid passages intermediatethe metal sheets.

. A Stili further object of the invention Corriprises the construction of a heat exchange section. of improved efiiciency and augmented heat transfer surface lwhich is provided Von its liquid contacting surfaces with means to` obstruct the uniform, laminar iiow of a film of liquid, and to secure the dispersionV and distribution vof the liquid upon the heat exchange surface in such a manner as tocause a difference in the speed of dierent portions of the liquid as they travel over and around the obstructions on vthe surface of the section, resulting in a more efficient heat transferxbetween the liquids inside and outside of the sections.

Y As one important feature of the present invention the supporting framework for lthe heat exchange sections and the liquid distributing.

trough comprises the use of the refrigerant supplyv andv `discharge manifolds and a central heat exchange section as integral and active elements inthe .framework of the entire mechanism.

,'It is also important tofnote that Vin the construction ofthe present machine, .the refrigerant supply'and discharge manifolds are both constructed or housed vin the ysame manifold unit. This construction lends gitself particularlywellv to the fabrication of aheat exchanger in which the individual heat exchange sections areprovided'withldifferent zones of individual passages for. heat. exchange medium towhich different controlling iiuids or heatexchange med-ia can be supplied at will.

. Other important features 4of the-invention will be apparent upon examination of the details of construction andarrangement of the heat ex- I changerparts and their various. combinations as disclosed in the figures and description, including the hinged or swiveled supports or hangers for the sectional cabinet; closure elements by which the common unsanitary seams along the lines of aiiixation to large strong hinges are avoided and sufficient strength is achieved to enable the proper support of the collecting basin which forms an integral part of the closure, as

well as the unique clamping mechanism which maintains the individual heat exchange sections in `proper alignment with the liquid supply and 'f distributing means when the sections are in operative position,` all of which will be :first fully described and then be specifically pointed `out in the appended claims,reference.being made ,to

- the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective View of. a heat exchanger arranged and constructed in accordance with the present invention, in which the chamber for distributing liquid over the various sections has been removed and the heat exchanger has been opened as if for cleaning purposes.

bracket and hinge arm arrangement used in the` support of the distributing chamber as shown in Figure 2.

Figure -4 is an end view, partially in section and partially broken away, of the heat exchanger embodying the preferred arrangement of this invention.

Figure'5 is a view showing the heat exchanger partially in longitudinal section elevation.

Figure 6 is a transverse section plan lon an enlarged scale taken along line 6-6 of Figure 5. Figure 7 is a longitudinal section elevation of the refrigerant supply and dischargewmanifold and the hingediiuidcouplings for -the heat ex-r change sections taken along `line 1-1 of Figure 6.4

Figure 8 ,is a longitudinal elevation view of the 'cabinet-like closure for `the heat exchanger.

Figure 9, is a longitudinal elevation, partially broken awayand partially in section, of armadi-.-V

cation of the liquid-couplings or hinge arms joining the heat exchange sections with kthe hol-f low hinge elements communicating with the re frigerant supply and discharge manifolds. Figure 10 is a rear view elevation of `the heat exchanger partially `in broken away section and Withthe enclosure removed showing therefrigerant supplyand return mechanismand the refrigerant circulating pumpsand connections. Figure 11 is -alongitudinalelevation partially in brokenaway section vof a modification of the hinges or pivot elements swingably supportingl the heat exchange sections `and the swiveled liq uid connections communicating between the ref frigerant supply and Ydischarge manifoldsand the heat y exchangev sections.

Figure 12 is a transverse elevation taken along` l line |2-l2 of Figure 1,1. g

Figure 13 is a furtherembodiment of this invention showing a plan View of the arrangement of refrigerant supply and return manifolds and the swiveled connections through which therefrigerant medium .circulates from .the manifolds to the heat exchange sections. Figure l4is a, longitudinalelevation ofthe heat exchange sections embodied in this invention shown in theperspective view in Figure 1.

Figure 15 is a plan View of therheat exchange` section shown in Figure 14. Figure 16 is an end elevationr of the heat ex-` change section vof Figurev 14 ,showing theliquid couplings of the sec-tionwhich are joined tothe hollow swiveled hinges Ein the refrigerant supply and return manifolds. I i y l Figure 17'is an elevational view of aportion of the liquid distributing `and heat exchange reinforcing element vmounted at the upper edge'v of the section, showing the novelsurface of` the novel' surfacing at spaced positionsalong- ,thev

path of travel of the `liquid being treated to disquid .distributing element and schematicallyA illustrating the dispersion. of theliquid. `as it, travels over the element before'reac'hing theheat lbroken away section of a i fold frame Band perse ammore uniformly distribute the liquid onpthe heat exchanger surface.

Figure 19 is a transverse section elevation, and...

partially in xbroken away section, of the. heat exchanger embodying this invention, taken along the; line ISi--Ii'i of Figure 14.

*Figure 2O'lis` Figure 21.is-a transverse vsection elevation takenalong the line 21e-2| of Figure 14.

r a transverse section elevation of Ithe heat exchanger embodying this invention, taken' along the line 20-2llof Figure/14. e

Figure 22 is-a longitudinal section plan taken l alongthe line 22e-22 of Figure 14; y

Figure 23 is a longitudinal elevation Yview of `the juxtapositioned metal; stampings used in the .of a partially fabricated `section showing theend plates for sealing the ends ofthe sections in relative order of assembly, e e L Figure 27 is a perspective view partially in portion of `the heat exchanger embodying this `invention with its liquidconnections.` e e e 1` e Figure 23 is a longitudinal elevation of a modification of the heat exchange section embodying thislinvention.

Figure 2951s a transverse sectionV elevation takenalong the line 294-29 of Figure 28. e

`Figure 30 is a transverse section velevation taken along the line 30-30 of Figure 28. e

` `Referring to the drawings, the principal parts of this invention in a heatexchange device in- `clude- `a base A, a `series of refrigerant or` heat exchange medium supply manifolds B fixedly positioned` in vertical alignment upon the base A to constitute a vertical frame `as well as` refrigerantsupply source, a plurality of hollow, zoned heat `exchange sections `or units C through which the refrigerant is circulated, associated hinges or pivots D for swingably supporting the units C upon the baseQA and manifold frame, hollow, swiveled liquidy connections with the hollow heat exchange sections or units Cf andmanifolds B `for supplying the heat exchange medium to the interior of units C, an upright or standard F fixed to the lnormally free end of oneV of the sections C thereby forming a frame with the base A through the section C and manifolds B fer supporting the weight `of the sections C and box-like or cabinet covers G whichcverhang the base A, a liquid supply and distributing chamber 1-1 supported on the manie the upright F from which chamberthefliquid to be treatedis passed `over the sections C, a collecting basin I below the sections C for collecting been passed down over the sections C, andrefrigerant storage and circulation mechanism J mounted en the base A `arate cabinet K.

The base A consists of a substantially rectangular sheet metal construction with vertical walls" 30 and toppcover 3l, all supported on a skeleton box-likeframework 32 provided with adjustable legs 33 which are threaded intccollars 34 aixed to the frame 3,2.` The preferable `construction of `the, framework'and sheetmetal covering is a welded construction. i

E communicating 1 the liquid which has and housed in a sep- Theheat'exchanger illustrated in Figures 1, 4;

5, 6"1, 8, 9 and10 :as one practical adaptation of this invention, comprises a plurality of .multizoned heat exchange sections C, which when in` stand close together sideby side within an enclosed cabinet G. The specific` operative position 3'!` which are permanently axed `to theusectifori,l

each communicating with an inletendf 38` or out;

let end 39`r`e`spectively of the liquid passages'35..

e 36 and 31 are eachproeV fvided at their free end with a union element -15 having liquid passages 4G, a tappedcentral` seatu The hollow hinge arms opening 4I, and an annular recessed gasket 42 in its face which, when provided witha gasket 43, is seated over a complementary annular ange on the free endof a hollow journaled hinge element 44 to which it is releasably secured'by means of ascre'w 45 passing through the hinge element 44 and threaded into the tapped opening 4i ofunion 15. By this arrangement a section C may be removed without disturbing the hinge elements y44.

Each of the hinge elements 44 associated a section C is in axial` vertical alignment and at their free ends communicate with the `interiors ofthe manifolds B through liquid` sealingglands,

lin` the embodiment of this invention .specifically illustrated in Figurer the hinge elements 44jare, also in transverse alignment perpendicular tothe plane of sections C. However, if it ;is desired `to make aiheat exchanger which is yet more compact and in which the sections` can be freely; pivoted away from operative position,.the hinge` elements 44 may be arranged atan angle to the` plane of the sections C as showniin Figure 13` (preferably a 45 an angle of l The liquid sealing hollow hinge element glands, through which the` 44 communicates with.. the

interior' of the manifolds B, consist of a` ferrule` sealing engagement with the hollow hinge ele-` ment by means of compression element 49 pressed against the packing element 48 by means of nut 50screwed onto the outer end` of union 46. l

The heat exchange sections C are each swingably' supported on lower and upper vertically aligned hinges or pivots whereby the various sections may be swung outwardly on their hinges fromian operative position in which the sections` standclosetogether face tot face to positions in` which the sections are readily accessible for` cleaning. The lower hinge element or pivot ccmprises a conical pivot point 5I mounted in a socketed boss 52 the base A, which pivot point engages in a cenas illustrated,- of superposedv ideal.

angle) which will permit of `free: pivoting of the sections C through approximately` The interior of the union 4t with affixed to the framework 32 of4 ods of aftixing y B fixed to the base A. The pivot point socket.

53, boss 55 alignment with the 44, whereby the cantilever or eccentrically lmounted weight of the section C is all carried by the upper and lower hinges and the application prevented resulting in their increasedeiciency and life.

`In Figure 11 and socket 56 are all in vertical axial is illustrated 'a modification of the upper and lower hinge arrangement for the` support .of sections C. In the modication shown in Figure 11 the socket 53 and the boss 55fare not associated with the lowermost and uppermost,y

hollow hinge elements 44, but they are associated with rigid bracket arms 58 and 5S respectively which are provided with socket 53 and boss 55 respectively, l

manently fixed` to the section C; Various. methl fbracket arms 58 and 5.9 vto the sections C may be devised and in Figure 12 is shown'a transverse elevation through one section depicting inwardly turned lugs 6G at the'section end of the bracket arms 58 and 56, welded tothe section C on either side of the heatv ex-r change surface.

The manifolds B andV bridge plate 51 .are mounted on base A by four vertically yextending lag bolts 6| rigidly xed to thebase A and passingithrough ported bosses 62 at the several corners of the manifold and bridge plate 51. .The necessary vertical spacing of the manifolds and bridge plate is secured by spacer elements G3 tele' scoped over bolts 6| intermediate theV several manifolds and bridge plate. The spacing eley `ments 63 are accurately machined and their enols` t into counter sunk lrecesses at the ends of the tie bolt ports inthe bosses 62. The manifold and bridge plate assembly is held in rigid position by compressing the assembly by tightening the end caps 64 on bolts 6l. Closure plates 65 are attached as by screws` 66 to the adjacent horizontal edges of the manifolds B and bridge plate 51 and between the lowermost manifold and the base A, to form with the manifolds a vertical wall adjacent the swiveled hinges 44. Vertical closure plates 61 are attached as by bolt screw 65 to the outer ends of the manifolds B, and together with the manifolds B, closure plates 65 and end plates of the sections C constitute a substantialenclosure of the swiveled liquid hingestll.`

Each manifold B includes an internal division plate or web 68 ,which divides the manifold .into a lower supply header 68 `and an upper return header 10. Supply header 69 is provided in its rear wall with a refrigerant supply port 1| which is in communication with a refrigerant supply conduit 12. Return header is provided in its rear wall with a refrigerant return port '13 communicating with a refrigerant return conduit 14. In the upper and lower wall of the manifold B and adjacent the front edge a series of partially tapped openings 41 are provided :forv the hinge elements 44. These openings are in transverse aligi'm'ierm one with another and vertically aligned in pairs, each pair constituting the refrigerant supply and return connection for the associated zone of `a section C.: It is important and at the top end of the uppermost hollow liquid hinge elements of eccentric pressure to the sealing glands is.

and which bracket arms are .per-

headers, it has been to' notethat due to the unique design of the manifold B to act both as supply and return possible to construct. the compoundmanifold, together. with the 'liquid hinge elements associated with a respective zone of a section C, of lesser vertical extent than the zone in a multi-zoned heat exchange 'to which the liquid .is being supplied.

In the: operation of the heat .exchanger ern-` Abcdying this invention various types of heat exn 'be used in the sections C;

change media may It may be desired to use brine; fresh cold water, hot water orsorne type of vdirect expansion refrigerant suchY as liquid ammonia. It 'may alsobe desired to use thecombination cti-several of such heat exchangemedia, for example, vcold Water and liquid ammonia,lin different sones of the heat exchange sectionsand in suc-h instance it is desirable to use the cold water in the upper zones of the sections'C andthe liquid ammonia inthe lower zone. With this thought in mind the Figure 10 illus-tratesrefrigerant connections i only to the lower manifold B and therefore only circulated from the to the lower zone 35 of sections C. However, any other desired'arrangement of connections to the Zones of sections C may be used within the scope of this invention. l

Liquid heat exchange medium, such as a refrigerant', is supplied to the heat exchange de-V vice ,byyeonduit 16, to a float valve 11 through whichit Venters an accumulator |69. The accumulator |69- is of an operative capacityin excess of the capacity of the combined zones of sections YC which, are supplied with refrigerant from the accumulator |69, whereby an excessive supply of liquid refrigerant is always available for prompt and efficient operation of the heat exchanger. The accumulator |69 is rigidly mounted on' the frame 32 of base A imlriediately tothe rear of the manifolds B. From the lower portions of the accumulator |69 liquid refrigerant` is withdrawn through conduit 18 which supplies the positive acting or other satisfactory type of ammonia circulating pump 19" driven by motor 88.. From pump 19 the refrigerant is forced through conduit 8| into an oil separator 82'V from whence it passes through. conduit 12, through the, manifold supply header port 1|,I into the supply header'. After the refrigerant has supply header 69 through the lower hinged elements 44 .and one ofl the zones 3:5 of section C, it is returned to the reywhich i't passes through upper gas portiony of accumulator E65.' It may be desirable,I however, tov interchange the re-A frigerantconduits 12 and 14 in their connections. to. manifolds. 6E and. 1U. to therebyiproduce a` downwardfiow of refrigerant through the sections The. refrigerant. gas and unevaporated refrigerant thus. returned through conduit 14 is.' irnpingedL against an. angular d'eiiecting plate 83 causing the return refrigerant `to momentarily travel. about a circular. path during which time. the liquid refrigerant. precipitates Afrom the gas l and settles to the bottom of the accumulator `from whence it may be again circulated through sections C. The gaseous refrigerant, however., is withdrawn. intor the uppermost, .compartment of laccumulator L69. is, dividedI vfrom."the compartment` by ported diaphragm.84,` past, a further separation baille 85, afterwhich it is discharged. from the accumulator in a. 'substantially dry state through yconduit-,Lilli returning section C `theorefrigerantgas-to a compression unit not Ashown in the' figures.`

'The heatexchange `sections C `when in oper- `ative position `are supplied with liquid to be treatediromha distributing chamber I-I, which in the preferredembodiment' of this invention, is mounted above the sections C in alignment therewith `and supported at its rear wall` by a bracket 81 extending `forwardly and `upwardly from theforward `outer corners of the bridge platev 51 to which it is rigidly aiiixed as by `welding. Adjacent its front wall thev distributing chamber'H is supported inaligned andspaoed relation relative to the sections C by an upright 4lll! fixed to the upper iront corner of the fixed central sectionfC which'is` rigidly iixed to the standard F` `as by bolts89` and spacer elements `90 thereby forming `a. forward framework for the heat exchange device to cooperate with the base A and manifold B. "Liquid, such as milk7 is supplied to the distributing chamber'eby supply pipe 9| removably` supported infa Yiitting 02 swivelled "on the top'ofstan'dard" F. 'Pipelllis provided with 'anyconventional-sanitary coupling 93 at litslinlet end and `i's`capped atits far-rend and extends centrally over the chamber H. `A series of periorations |10 are provided along the lower portion of pipe 9| abovethe chamber` H through which perforations liquidl to be `treated lis discharged intolthe trough of 'an inverted W-shaped horizontal distributing balile` `04. From this troughfSlliquid spills over' the inclined legs `or fins constituting the remaining portions of the W-shapedbaffle plate inthe supply chamber H. The liquid spills `onto the perforated bottom of lchamber H` midway betweenthe outer walls and the central portion of thechamber. Notches lor* cut-away sections" |'l| are provided along the edges of the W-,shaped bafflewhere it contacts the bottom oi chamber H, to` permit the ready and 1uniform distribution ,of the liquid `over lthe entire bottom of `the supply` chamber H. From chamber T -I ythe `liquid is discharged onto sections "C through a 'series of double `rows of `perforation's '95 extending longitudinally across 'thebottom of `chamber, H and in alignmentwith the section C.l yA double row of perforations y95 supplyingany one section C is in 'alignmentejtherewith and equally spaced on eitherside ofthe central vertical planeof the sectionuC,` `thereby assuring"distributionof liquid from the chamber` H to `botlfi sidesoi` section C.

The liquid distributedonto themsections Cfrom `chamber H, after passing over the` sections, is collected in chambers I below the sections C.V The chambers I are formed integral` with the two sectional cabinet-like ,covers` Vfor the heat exchanger, The loweijvportions of the outer wall `panel 95 and end panel 91 of eachhalf of the sectional cabinet closureiG arealso useda't the corresponding wallsof the collecting chamber I. To comple-teth'e` `collecting chamber I` for each half of the sectional closureG, a forwardly inclined bottom plate 88 is provided whichalso constitutes the bottom closure for the sectional cabinet G, and thereis also provided an inner wall 99 with outwardly turned flange |00, as well as a rear endwall l] with outwardly turnedflange |02 to complete the] chamberI, both of Awhich `walls 99 and lill` arepof thedesired depth of the ,chamber,l.` `"lnthefother halfr of the sectional cabinetlclosure G'the inner wall 09" is of slightly lesser heghtuthanthe wall 99 so that upon closing the sections of" cabinetG` the outwardly eX- tending flange |00will overlap nange' |00', there- Cil |09 from its pivot ll2.

by rforming ,a complete closure below the sections C, assuring the collecting of all the liquid passing from the surfaceof the sections. It is of course essential that the length of chamber I be suiiicientyto accommodate thelquid iiow from sections C. i l i 2 l The sectional halves of the cabinet-like closures G also include a cover plate |03 downwardly and outwardly inclined` from its inner edge toward the upper edge of the `cabinet wall panel S6. Rear wall panels for `the sections of closure G are `not necessary `as the cabinet closureis swingably supported on the front `two `manifold frame tie bolts 6| with its side wall panels 96 and top panels |03` abutting up against and cooperating with the manifold housing side panelsj'l and top panel |04 of the manifold closure `to complete the cabinet.

The sectional cabinet type closure G is swingablysupported on a hinged pipe framework including two parallelhorizontal pipe reaches |05 joined adjacent either end by two parallel vertical pipe reaches |06, all of which pipes `are i joined by anydesiredconventionalmanner such as T unions or byl welding. The closure sections G are aflixed to the pipes |05 and |06 by bolts |01 and spacer elements |08 in anylconventional manner. At the rear end of the pipes`l|05 hinges |09 and lllare `provided to swingably support the pipe `framework for the cabinet closure section G upon thetwo front tie bolts 6|. Hinge element |09, aixed to the rear portion of `the upper reach oiA the pipes |05, is provided with a socket l|| as shown in Figure 8, and is pivoted` on the bolt caps |50` which are formed with a pivot boss ||2 at their upper end. The hinge element ||0 is affixed to the rear portion of the lower pipe reach |05 and consists of a semicir-cularyoke element which abuts up against and pivots upon `a manifold spacer element 63 mounted on tie bolt 6|. By this arrangement of a pipe framework for swingably supporting the sheet metal cabinet closure section`G`, the'sections are substantially stabilized and strengthened to support the excess weight of the-collecting chambers I. A further advantage of the unique` `hinges |09 and ||0 is that the entire sections of the cabinet-likexclosure G, fas wellas the collecting chamber I; can `be removed from the'heat exchange device by lifting the top hinge "It is also important to note that the outwardly turned anges |00 and |02,` inI addition to their Yfunction of' completing the closure, also accomplish the additional iunc-` tion of strengthening the otherwise easily bendable sheet rnetal `construction due to their angular relation to the plane of 'the panels of which they form afpart, thereby strengthening and bracing the saine'.` l y The closure cabinet also includes `the refrigerant accumulator and pumpvnnitsectional casing Kdwhichlis positioned on base A on the opposite side of the manifold'frame B from'the `bolts 6| in the same manner as the sections of `cabinet G are removably hinged to the two front tie bolts 6l byr hinges |09 and ll0`. lhewall panels` |l`3 and top panelsklll cooperate' with the wa`11` plates "61 and coverplate |04 of the i manifold housing tojcomplete the enclosure for the ammonia system J.

I pound latch elements |2.'|

At the forward and lower free end of the sectional collecting chamber I each section is provided with aY dischargeconnection IIB, together with the necessary elbowsA |'|'1, which communicatey with a compound union |'|8 provided vwith the conventional coupling means ||9 to connect to a discharge line not shown.

To further brace the upright standard F; a tie beam is provided between the standard F and the base A. 'Ihe tie beam |210 is comprised of a vertical 1in |2| and a transversey n |22, and is aiiixed at either end to the base A and standard F in any conventional manner such as by bolts |23. The tie beam |20 is positioned in vertical alignment with the fixed center section C of the heat exchange device and inclined forwardly relative to the horizontal at the same anl gle as the bottom panel 98 of collecting chamber I, and. positioned at the necessary elevation so that the inner edges of panel 98 of chamber I rests upon the transverse fin |22 when the sections G of the cabinet are closed.

The inner edges of vertical front end panels 9'1 with a flange |24 at an angle to the plane of the panels 91 to brace the panel, and to complete the closure of the sectional cabinet for the heat exchange device.

Each of the sections G ofthe cabinet-like closure is provided with a catch element |25 on its front end panel 91 adjacent the inner edge thereof to coact with a latch |26 carried upon the upm right standard F.

In the operation of the heat exchanger it is essential that the several accurately below the double row of perforations 95 associated with `each yseparate section to assure the distribution of liquid on both sides of the sections C. To this end we provide comhinged on4 a spacer element 90 to coact with catch elements |28 axed to the upper portion ofthe free end of the pivoted sections C thereby maintainingv the sections CA accurately positioned below the distributing chamber H.

In the modication of the heat exchange device shown in Figure 2, the distributing chamber instead of being supported on a bracket 81 and upright 88,; is. swingably supported on hinge arm |23 xed to the pivot element |30 pivoting in socketl 3| of boss |32 formed on top of the bridge plate 51 adjacent the center of its front edge, as' shown clearlyin Figure 3. Anotched latch element |33 is affixed to the front wall of chamber H and coacts with upright 8.8 xed to the center section C to support the free end of chamber H when in its operative position and accurately position it with respect to the sections C.

'I'he modification of the collecting chamber I shown in Figure 2 comprises a unitary collecting chamber |34 swingably supported by hinge arms |35 hinged to the frame 32 of base A by pivot |36. The bottom |31 of the chamber-|34 is Yinclined centrally to the front vertical wall of the swingably mounted chamber |34 to coact with the tie rod to support and position the free end of the chamber |34.

the hollow'welded sheet metal hinge arms 36 and of the cabinet closure sections G are providedl sections C be positioned 31.' Such slight distortion of the hinge armsfalcilitates the assembly of the hinged heat exchange deflectors of liquid draining over the `hinge arms 36 and 31.

A further important feature of the invention illustrated in Figure 2 involves the use of the portless end plate |42 mounted on the vertically aligned series of hinge arms36'and 31 normally associated with the ends of the liquid passages 35 in the several zones of each section C normally carried by the hinge arms. The end plate-|42 serves the purpose of forming a dividing Wall between the sections C and the hinges 44, which wall is normally formed `by the ends of sections C. The end plate 42 is of the same width as theends of section C and therefore when in close. side by side relation, cooperates with the ends of vthe mounted-sections vC to constitute a front closure for the chamber housing the manifolds B` However, due to the fact that-the end'` plates 42 are mounted on the hinge arms 36 and 31 (which for this purpose are sealed to` prevent the escape of refrigerant medium) they are. capable of swinging movement and therefore facilitate the lateral movement of the sectionsC.

Figure 13 shows a modication of the manifold l mounting on the base A is the sameas described for the preferred construction shown in Figure'.

In the modied construction of Figure 13 the hinge elements are arranged in close side by side alignment on the modified manifolds B at an angle (preferably 45) to the Vertical plane of the xed center section C. This angular arrangement of swiveling elements ypermits the free swinging of the several sections C through about an angle of without binding one upon another. The refrigerant for the fixed central sections is supplied by separate means, not shown, but which may be any conventional conduit connection. l Referring now more particularly to theembodiment of the invention as it relates to the heat exchange sections C and the method of making these sections; each section C, as illustrated, includes several zones or units of independent flow passages 35. Thesel independent zones or units are all identical with the exception of the topmost unit |45 of each section which is provided at its top edge with a. cylindrical bracing and liquid dispersing element |50 substantially devoid of heat exchange relation with the restof the section C of which unit |49 forms a part. lThe flow passages in each zone or unit consist of outwardly bulged cooperativeportions of the two rectangular sheet metal stampings |43 and |44 intermediate 44 and pivot elements.51 and 56` the passage 35.

passages. inlet and outlet `struct-,ea that the ends thereof would be located at opposite ends of the unit or zone. Y

l The `passage35 consists of a series of horizontal lengths of passages between the stampings |43 and |44 with appropriate bulged vertical passages so joining the ends of the horizontal elements of the passages as to constitute a zigzag line of travel for liquidpassingtherethrough,` The stampings |43 and |44 consist of substantially co-planar metal sheets (preferably noncorrosive metal, such as stainless steel) provided witha series of horizontal tiers of staggered rows |46 of outwardly directed, hollow, preferably semispherical protuberances |45 extendingusubstantially across thestampings leaving only a vertical margin |59 at each end unstamped. The rows |46 are usually three deep and the size of the protuberance is such as to effectively block the space intermediate two adjoining protuberances in an adjacent row diverting` any liquid which may flow through between the protuberances in the'adjoining row. The depth, however, of the protuberances is not suiiicient to cause a rupture of the liquid layer as it flows downwardly over the heat exchange l sections. The vertical margins at either end are flared outwardly forming flanges |60. End plates |62with inwardly directed flanges |63 `are affixed to the free edges of flanges |60 by weldings |64 between |60 and |63 with the exception of that portion of the flanges |60 immediately adjacent the inlet and outlet ports 38 and 39for Triangular web or partition elements `|6| are affixed intermediate the flanges |60at each end of each end plate |62 thereby"4 sealing the vertical space intermediate `the flanges |60 and end plates |62, which space and defining elements |60, |6| and |62 are substantially devoid of heat exchange relation with the passages 35 and the refrigerant which may flow through the Each unit or zone is provided with an hinge -arm 36 and 31 respectively` which arms are joined to the unit at the inlet |46 thereby effectively may be connected in series or parallel as the case may be. In each instance, however, the flow of the liquid.` over the old type of sections, whether they consist of superposed tubes orcorrugated sheets with internal channels, as well as the flow of heat exchange medium on the inner sides of the sections, has been an undisturbed flow. The liquid flowing over the outer surface of those types of sections has been in the form of a uniform lm smoothly sliding over the wetted surface ofthe section. Such a flow generally `as sured or rather necessitated a type of laminar flow of the liquid iilm in which the outer particles of the liquid film would travel faster than the inner particles of liquid film which were nearer the stationary wetted surface of the heat exchange section. One of the chief advantages of the new and novel section embodied in this invention, as illustrated in Figure 14, results from the turbulent iiow of the liquid as it passes down over the sections and engages the` protuberances |45, resulting in the deflection of various particles of liquid as they engage the protuberances from their normal course of travel which they would have followed had the plates |43 and |44 not been provided with protuberances |45. Such deflection `of the particles of liquid in the thin liquid layer by the protuberances |45 results in the separation of one liquid particle from another and the rejoining of such separated particles with still other particles as they pass down over the plates |43 andA |44.` Such separation and rejoining of the liquid Vparticlesresult in active turbulence within the liquid layer itself as it passes andoutlet ports 38 and 39 respectively.` These `ports are defined by the portion of the flared flange |60 intermediate two triangular partition elements |6| adjacent the two ends of the passage 35 of the unit. The ends of the hinges 36 and 31 are welded on `or otherwise satisfactorily affixed to` the `outer edges of the flange ports 38 and 39.` `The two rectangular stampings |43 and |44 are in face to face contact with each other and the oppositely directed corre-` speedily passed through the flow passage 35 when l the sections are in operation. In the past, heat exchange sections constructed for comparable use have been of the type employ-` ing superposed lengths of tubing connected at its `ends by suitable headers allel or series connections. Other types of comparable heat exchangers consist of corrugated 'sheet metal stampings placed face to `face and joined by any satisfactory means, such, for ex-` ample, as welding, in which exchangers the joined corrugations constitute the liquid` passages and |60 and' 5 fpartition I6I, which define the inlet andloutlet to form either pardownwardly thereby increasing the heat transfer between the liquid layer and the heat exchange section. `Active turbulence is further induced by the inherent physical result of the liquid layer flowing downwardlyfover a series of staggered rows of protuberances which are solarranged that the space between any two protuberances in one row is completely blocked by a protuberance in an adjoining row, whereby the liquid is forced to `follow zigzag courses in its flow. Active turbulence is also aided by a further inherent `physical result in a layer of liquid flowing over a sui'-,

face, part of which is covered -by protuberances over which the liquid flows. However, the flow over the protuberances is in a much thinner layer than the flow over the flat spaces between the protuberances. Due to thefact that the adjacent rows of protuberances are in staggered relation, that portion of the liquid layer which flowed through between two adjacent protuberances in one row will engage a protuberance in the next adjoiningrow and therefore part of it will be diverted toward one or the other side of the protuberance, thickening the portion of the liquid layer to which it passes and thinning the portion of the liquid layer from which it passed. This adjustment within the liquid layer itself will also,

in and of itself, cause a turbulence in the liquid.`

. As a result of the various factors just described,

the efciency of the heat exchange section embodied in this invention is greatly increased.

@The flow vof the heat exchange medium or `reirigerant passing through between `the plates |113 and |44 is also turbulent due to the effect `upon the flow of the medium as it passes over the cavities |41 which line the `walls ofthe flow passages'f. Such turbulence induced in the heat exchange medium or refrigerant will greatly increase "the efficiency of the heat transferbetween the plates |43and |44 ofthe heat ex,- chang'e section C and the refrigerant passing .through the liquid passage 35 on .the inside of `the sections C. i

In the construction of a multi-zoned heat exchange sections C, several separate individual units or zones |48 and 49 with only one liquid passage each are welded .together along their adjoining ledges in superposed order as shown by Figure-14. :Each zone is provided `with separate liquid inlet connections in the form of a hollow hinge arm 36 and-a separate discharge connection in the form of a hollow hinge arm 31. The spacing of the horizontal lengths of the flow passages 35 in each zone or unit Which are combined to form a section C is such that when two sections are joined in superposed order, the separate adjacent horizontal elements of the ow 'passages 3,-5 of the adjoining sections are spaced equal to any two adjacent horizontal elements of yau flow passage in `a separate zone or section. Such construction facilitates the fabrication of multi-zoned sections from single zoned units.

The multiple zoned section is desirable in that it shortens the flow of any portion of heat exchange medium through the sections. A multiple section is also'easily adapted to the use of a plurality of heat exchange media in that any one or `more of the units or zones of the sections can be supplied with one type of heat exchange medium While the'remaining units of each section vmay be supplied with another type of heat exchange medium depending on the result to be acoomplised on the liquid being treated.

Each top unit or zone in a heat exchange section next adjacent to the distributing-chamber H Ais provided along its upper edge with a horizontal, longitudinally extending cylindrical stiiT- eningelement |50 which is welded to the to-p yedge of the section C` with the center line of `bulence as it passes downwardly over the surface each other when'they are assembled face to face in reverse relation as shown byFigures 24 and 25. The stampings |43 and |44 havein substance the plane of the sheets of `metal from which they were stamped, and the peripheral unstamped marginal edges |59 of the juxtaposh tioned plates lare co-planar 23. The sheets are then welded together attheir upper and lower edges along the weld lines |52 and |53 as shown in Figure 23, which weldlines extend along the edges over to the vertical lunstarnped portion of the end margins. 'Iheiinu ternal horizontal ilow spaces of the sections C are then laid out and their edges sealed by seam Welding the stampings. along horizontal lines |54, |55 and |56 intermediate the tiers of superposed staggered rows |46 'of protuberances |45. The joining of the corresponding ends offone group of alternate weld lines including the lines |52 and |53 along their right hand end as shown in Figure 23 by line |51, and joining the `remaining lines at their corresponding opposite end by weld line |58, as also shown in Figure 23, denesthe flow passage 35. In each instance the horizontal weld lines and their joininglines are the element |50 in a horizontal plane and in vertical alignment with the vertical plane of the section C. By this arrangement the liquid supplied to the section C from the chamber H through the double row of perforations 95, which rows are on opposed sides of the vertical projection of the center line of the cylindrical element |50, will be directed against opposite sides of the element |56, thereby assuring uniform liquid sup ply to each side of the section. To secure uniform distribution over the sides of section C of y the liquid supplied to either side of element |50, the element is provided with a grained finish as shown in Figure 17 in which the grains |5| extend in a direction crosswise to the path of the flowof liquidl passing downwardly over the section. As the liquid elements contact the counterdirectional grains |5| of the nish one element |50, their flow is hindered tending to cause a lateraldispersion of the liquid. By this procedure a complete uniform distribution throughout the entirel length of element |50 is obtained before the liquid which is passed onto the upper surface of element |50, in small rivulets7 passes off of the lower portion of element |50 onto the top portion of the upper zone of the associated section C. A similar nish with horizontal grains |5| is provided on the outer surfaces or walls |43 and |44 of the sections C intermediate the horizontal elements of the ilow passages 35 as shown in Figure 18. This also aids in securing and maintaining more uniformvdistribution of the liquid passing down over the walls` |43 and |44. However, after the liquid once passes onto the surfacesY provided with the staggered rows |46 of the protnberances |45, it is maintained in substantially uniform distribution and active turno closer to the remaining horizontal weld lines and their joining lines than the width of a tier of rows |46 of protuberances |45. This arrangement of vertical and horizontal weld lines denes a zigzag flow passage 35 withl its open ends 30 and 39 at the lower and upper left hand corners of the stampings. v

Having the sections |43 and |44'we1dedt0- gether along the weld lines referred to above, the'vertical edges |59 are then flared outwardly to become flanges |60 as clearly shown in Figure 26. Triangular web or partition elements |6| are provided at the ends of the vertical spaces intermediate the outwardly turned flan-ges |60 at the ends of the uni-ts |48 of the sections C, as shown in Figure 27, and in ythe vertical space intermediate the anges |60 at the left end of the sections C immediately above and below the inlet 38` and outlet 39 communicating `with the zigzag liquid passage 35,- as also shown in` Figure 27'. Each unit is ythen provided a-t jits inlet and outlet openings 38 and 39 with inlet and outlet hollow hinge arms 3B and 31 respectively, which are welded to .the free edges of fla`ngesr|6|lv at the lower and upper left hand cornersV of .unit |48 .and also to the free edge of the ,triangular partitions |0| defining the entrance 38 to the liquid passage 35`andcommunicating therewith.

End plates |62 with inwardly turned'flanges |63 are then provided to complete the enclosure. of the vertical space intermediate the` outwardly turned flanges |00 at either end of the unit'or v zone |48 of sections C and the triangular end partitions IBI. End. plates |62 arelxed to the ilanges |60 by a welding |64 between the ange |63 and the outer free edge of flanges |60, as shown in Figure 22. l K

Each unit |49 of sections C is also provided with a' cylindrical, horizontally grained, section bracing element welded to its top edge as shown in Figure 14. Bracing element |50 extendsl across the section C intermediatey the outwardly turned flanges |60. .The horizontal grain as shown by- Figure' tion` are `each sealed-` and the inlet hinge `arms y elements -of the device.

meansitogact on theliquid supplied to =the section in rivulets; frorrnchamber l-I to` uniformly distribute itebefore the liquid 4passes `downwardly' over` the section C. Similar grainglinesi |5| are provided 30h-the surface of stampings |43 and |44 between the ,tiersofrows ofgprotuberances. To complete the` sections,A each section 1is provided on its front endplateylnear the upper vportion thereof with a latch catch `|28 to cooperate;` with .a positioninglatch when ,the sectionis assembled in arheat exchange device embodying this inven- `'I'o1provide thezones of themulti-aoned sections C with internalflowpassages35, the outlet hinge arms `3.1 of; .the.cornpleted multi-zoned` sec- 36 are each connected toasourcepf fluidpressure, such as hydraulic pressure; ,i The pressureisjad- |44 intermediate the weld lines defining .the liquid passages 35have `been bulgednout to the `desired shape as shown by sectional drawings, Figures 20,

121, 22 and 27,i depicting internal` views and Figures19 and,27depicting the bulged effect on `the liquid passa-ge boundary portions of stampings |43` and, |44..Ilowever,.the stampings |43 and .|44 may be stamped originally. Withthe bulged portions to form the iiow passages 35, and in such instance the." hydraulic pressure:` could be dispensedwith.v

In Figure 28is shown` a modified vfonmof heat `exchanger sectionC :which diers only fromthe previously :described section `by using spacing elements between lthe stampings |43 and..|44 along the Weld lines which define the liquid passages 35. The spacing `elements |65 used along `the horizontal weldlines comprisestraight, narrow, metallic :strips ofV a thickness equal to the desired thicknessoftthe heat exchange medium passages 35. 4Thexnspacingelements `|5|i `along `the vertical Lweld lines Mdefining liquid.` passage 35 are straight along .their outer edges |61 `but `are curved along theinnereedges `|68 to facilitate the passage `of, liquid through the `liquid passage 35. The` spacer elements |55 are also of athickness equal to the `desired thickness of liquid; passage `35. The only other=diference in the sections C shown in Figures 28, 29.` andv30v and the previously described section is in the final shaping or bulging operation performed t on the sections `which. do not have the'spacer elements :|65 and |55. In the modified Itype, a bulging `operation `is not necessary as-thepassages-35are :open due ing operationit is desired to use a compact highly` `efficient heat exchanger;`

.The improved unit is simple and unique in construction, in which construction variousnovel features are resorted to, as well as novelmethods of fabricating respective The plurality of heat exchange sections provided with staggered protuberances on their outer surfaces assures turbulent flow and uniform distribution over the outer walls of the sections resulting in an increased heat exchange section being ments5 efficiency `and, desired uniformity of heat exchange rate over the entire section.` Theuniquely finished, cylindrical stiffening element affixed to the upperporti-on of each section, which element is substantially devoid of heat exchange relation with the heat exchange medium passing through the interior of the section, also tends to brace the section longitudinally as well as `receive the liquid from` the distributing 'chamber Gand distribute it overthe section, all of which features, combined with the protuberances on the section surfaces, assure uniform distribution of the liquid over the surface of the heat exchange section.

The cylindrical bracing element at the top of the substantially devoid of heat exchange relation withthe refrigerant, as pointed out above, prevents the crystallization ofliquid on the outer surfaces of the cylindrical bracing and distributing element, `thereby preventing the accumulation ofice thereon, `which accumulation, if ittook place, would prevent the "satisfactory operation of the heat exchanger.

Each of the heat exchange sections is also provided at both of its ends with a transverse bracing element or end plate affixed to the loutwardly flared ends of the` stampings constituting` the walls of the lheat exchange section. The outwardly flared ends of the stampings, aswell as 4the `end plates or bracing members, are unitedin sealed relation one to `another and are substantially devoid of heat exchange `relation with the heat exchange medium passing through the liquid flow passages of the respective sections. `Being thus substantially devoid of heat exchange relatio-n, there will not be a tendency of crystallization of spattered liquid to form on the outer` surfaces of the outwardly flared flanges atthe ends -of`the sections or onthe bracing end plates,

thereby aiding in the satisfactory operationof the machine. However, `the transverse bracing end plates of the respective sections will contact the edges` of the adjacent bracing end plates of adjacent sections when the plurality of swingably mounted sections are `placed in elo-se side by side relation within the -cabinet for operative position.` This assures the desired spacing of the sections relative to one another `and also forms a substantial enclosure of the spacing between the outer surfaces of adjacent ,sections through which the liquid` being` treated flows downwardly over the section to the collecting chamber for treated liquid. Such a substantial enclosure tends to preventcontamination of the further advantage ofthe use of the transverse end plate bracing elements atthe ends` of the heat exchange sections adjacent-the hinged eleconsists of, the substantial enclosure or Wall comprised of adjacent abutting end pieces of` adjacent heat exchange sections immediately ahead of the swiveled hinges, whereby the possible spattering of the liquid flowing `down over the i outer surfaces of the sections onto the hinged elements is prevented, as Well as the prevention of foreign material entering into the liquid treating spaces inter-mediate adjacent sections from the space adjacent the swiveled ends of the sections. l

` It is also important to again refer to the unique construction of the treated liquid collecting chamber which during the operation of the machine occupies a `position immediately below the heat exchange sections to collect the liquid flowing and refrigerant `medium connections,`

over the outer surfaceV of the sections. `These unique collecting chambers are formed integral with the closure -cabinet at the lowerv extremity of the wall and end panels, and'the bottom plate of the collecting `chamber also constitutes the bottom plate of the closure cabinet. Being formed integral with the closure cabinet, itis of .course necessary to discontinue the operation of the machineA before the cabinet can be opened,

and it is also necessary to close the cabinet before the operation thereof can be commenced.

By virtue of this unique construction and the lnecessary procedure before commencing or discontinuing the operation of the machine, it is oi course apparent that a closure` has been provided rfor the heat exchange device which assures its ycomplete enclosure while it is in operation.

l v It is of course also apparent that a further lunique feature of construction involves the incorpo-ration of the refrigerant circulating system, within the same cabinet which houses the heat Aexchange device. The relative capacity of the refrigerant storage chamber with respect to lthe capacity of the refrigerant evaporating passages in the heat exchange section, together with the use of a positive-acting large capacity refrigerant circulating pump, assures the prompt and desirable control of the refrigerating effect obtainable in this heat exchange device. The efliciency of the heat exchange sections as an evaporator is of course greatly enhanced by the use of heat exchange sections in which the flow spaces are lined with outwardly extending 'hollow semi-spherical protuberances, which provide cavities on the inner surface of the stampings defining the flow spaces between welded lines joining the stampings. The cavities increase turbulence in the refrigerating mediuml as it is speedily passed over the vcavities surrounding the heat exchange medium passages.

Y It is also common inthe operation of heat exchange devices from time to time to observe defects which have developed in one or more of the plurality of heat exchange sections. The

unique construction of the present invention which enables the removal of the individual heat exchange sections without disturbing the pivot element and hinged vliquid supply and return connections, which are associated with the respective sections, is a further particular advantage of this invention. At times when all the sections -are not in the machine the use of blank end plates aixed to the normally operative swiveled liquid supply and return connections,

enables the provision of a substantial enclosure i for the compartment in which the liquid is being treated as divided from the compartment housing the swiveled liquid supply and return connections for the refrigerant medium. These blank end plates, though swingably mounted, will, however, not interfere with the, lateral movement of the heat exchange sections. Various changes in materials and detail arrangements of the'various elements of the heat exchange device as shown and described to explain the invention may be made in accordance with the common knowledge of those skilled in the art, and yet come Within-thev scope ofthe invention as set forth in the appended claims. The invention is hereby claimed-as follows:-

v 1. In a heat exchanger for liquids, -abasa a plurality of heat exchange sectionsmounted atlone end upon said base` and extending outwardly therefrom, a standard adjacent the free ends of one of said sections, a tie beam xedintermediate said base and said standard, a, sectional cabinetlike closure for said heat exchange sections, means for supplying liquid to be treated to said heat exchange sections, and means formedA integrally with the sections of said cabinet-like closure for collecting treated liquid, said collecting means being soconstructed and arranged as torest at its lower edge upon said tie beam when thejsections of the cabinet-like closure are in operative position enclosing said heat exchange sections.

2. In a device of the class described, heat exchange means mounted on a support, liquid supply means mounted abovesaid. heat exchange means, a sectional closurelfor said device having an inwardly extending, upwardly .opening chamber-like compartment, formed integrally with the lower portion of each section, and outwardly extending anges carried by the free'edges of the sections of said closure to cooperate' one with another in overlapping relation when the sections of the closure are brought together, whereby the device is completely enclosed, said closure being substantially braced by its overlapping flanges .and a collecting chamber being formed below said heat exchange means when said closure sections are brought together.

3. A heat exchange device of the class described comprising the combination of a plurality of heat exchange sections hinged to a support at corresponding ends to swing laterally relative `to one another from operative position i'n which they stand close together side by side to positions in which they are freely accessible for cleaning, means for supplying a heat exchange medium to the several sections and operable to permit said swinging movement vofv said sections, a .sectional ,cabinet-like closure for saidl device, and end platesformed on the. hinged lends of said secj tions and out of heat exchange relation with the heat exchange medium-suppliedr to. said sections yand adapted to cooperate one with another and with the cabinet-like closure to forma substantial partition between said sections and said meansfor supplying heat exchange medi-um to saidsections. 1

'LA heat exchange device according to claim 3,

vwherein :the `means for supplying'hea't exchange medium to the several sections are swiveled hollow hinges, some of which are sealed at their outer ends, and imported end plates sealed to said hinges which are sealed at their outer ends, said endplates being of the same size asY the ends of said sections, whereby thesubstantial partition intermediate said sections and said hinges is Vformed when said unported end plates and complementary plates on said sections` are pivoted into.` side by side relation. l

CHARLESVBROWN DALZELL. ELLswoRTH-WYMAN. 

